解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Tumor hypoxia underlies treatment failure and yields more aggressive and metastatic cancer phenotypes. Although therapeutically targeting these hypoxic environments has been proposed for many years, to date no approaches have shown the therapeutic value to gain regulatory approval. Here, we demonstrated that a novel h...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.26838
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In almost all animals, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is transmitted only from the female, while the paternal mitochondria and mtDNA are thought to be eliminated during early embryogenesis. Autophagy is involved in the elimination of sperm mitochondria and mtDNA in early embryos in Caenorhabditis elegans; however, solid ev...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.26302
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulation of mutant TP53 proteins in cancer cells has been recognized as an important factor that promotes cancer progression and metastasis. Thus, strategies that promote the degradation of mutant TP53 might be beneficial for the treatment of cancers. In a recent issue of Genes & Development, we demonstrated that ...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.26338
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. Despite intense multimodal therapy and many improvements through basic scientific and clinical research, the successful response of advanced-stage patients to chemotherapy remains poor. Autophagy is a cytoprotective mechanism that may help advance...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.26450
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abnormal aggregation of SNCA/?-synuclein plays a crucial role in Parkinson disease (PD) pathogenesis. SNCA levels determine its toxicity, and its accumulation, even to a small extent, may be a risk factor for neurodegeneration. One of the main pathways for SNCA degradation is chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), a sele...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.26451
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms to protect against viral infections are crucial during pregnancy as maternal-fetal transmission can have serious pathological outcomes, including fetal infection and its sequelae, such as growth restriction, birth defects, and/or fetal death. The trophoblast forms the interface between the feto-placental un...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.26558
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperactivation of mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) is a common feature of human cancers, and MTOR inhibitors, such as rapamycin, are thus becoming therapeutics in targeting certain cancers. However, rapamycin has also been found to compromise the efficacy of chemotherapeutics to cells with hyperactive MTOR. Her...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.26447
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Upon completion of cytokinesis, the midbody ring is transported asymmetrically into one of the two daughter cells where it becomes a midbody ring derivative that is degraded by autophagy. In this study we showed that the ubiquitin-binding autophagy receptor SQSTM1/p62 and the interacting adaptor protein WDFY3/ALFY for...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.26085
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study mitochondrial protein age dynamics, we targeted a time-sensitive fluorescent protein, MitoTimer, to the mitochondrial matrix. Mitochondrial age was revealed by the integrated portions of young (green) and old (red) MitoTimer protein. Mitochondrial protein age was dependent on turnover rates as pulsed synthesi...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.26503
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Loss-of-function mutations in PARK2/PARKIN and PINK1 cause early-onset autosomal recessive Parkinson disease (PD). The cytosolic E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase PARK2 cooperates with the mitochondrial kinase PINK1 to maintain mitochondrial quality. A loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨ) leads to the PINK1-de...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.25884
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a highly dynamic organelle, mitochondria undergo constitutive fusion and fission as well as biogenesis and degradation. Mitophagy, selective mitochondrial degradation through autophagy, is a conserved cellular process used for the elimination of excessive and damaged mitochondria in eukaryotes. Despite the signific...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.25804
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy resembles a recycling process in which proteins, organelles, or regions of the cytoplasm are enveloped and degraded. We have found that two of the central autophagy proteins, MAP1LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3, also described as LC3) and UVRAG (UV radiation resistance associated/UV radia...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.25889
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two primary forms of autophagy have been identified in the field of cancer therapy based on their apparent functions in the tumor cell; these are the cytoprotective form that could, in theory, be inhibited for the purpose of sensitization to radiation and chemotherapeutic drugs and the "cytotoxic" form that either med...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.4161/auto.25233
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy describes the degradation of unnecessary or dysfunctional cellular components through the lysosomal machinery. Autophagy is essentially required to prevent accumulation of cellular damage and to ensure cellular homeostasis. Indeed, impaired autophagy has been implicated in a variety of different diseases. We...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.25467
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex, degenerative and progressive eye disease that usually does not lead to complete blindness, but can result in severe loss of central vision. Risk factors for AMD include age, genetics, diet, smoking, oxidative stress and many cardiovascular-associated risk factors. A...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/auto.24546
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The class III phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns)-3 kinase, PIK3C3/VPS34, forms multiple complexes and regulates a variety of cellular functions, especially in intracellular vesicle trafficking and autophagy. Even though PtdIns3P, the product of PIK3C3, is thought to be a critical membrane marker for the autophagosome, it i...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.24877
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salinomycin is perhaps the first promising compound that was discovered through high throughput screening in cancer stem cells. This novel agent can selectively eliminate breast and other cancer stem cells, though the mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, we found that salinomycin induced autophagy in hu...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.24632
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic inactivation of PTEN through either gene deletion or mutation is common in metastatic prostate cancer, leading to activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K-AKT) pathway, which is associated with poor clinical outcomes. The PI3K-AKT pathway plays a central role in various cellular processes supporting c...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.24921
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is a complex, multi-step and biologically important pathway mediated by autophagosomes and autolysosomes. Accurately dissecting and detecting different stages of autophagy is important to elucidate its molecular mechanism and thereby facilitate the discovery of pharmaceutical molecules. We herein reported a ...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.24241
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flies expressing the most common Parkinson disease (PD)-related mutation, LRRK2-G2019S, in their dopaminergic neurons show loss of visual function and degeneration of the retina, including mitochondrial abnormalities, apoptosis and autophagy. Since the photoreceptors that degenerate are not dopaminergic, this demonstr...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.24397
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most lethal and prevalent cancers in the human population. The initiation and progression of HCC is closely associated with chronic liver inflammation. Recent research indicates that nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ), one of the DNA repair mechanisms, autophagy and senescence...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.24229
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lysosome is a key subcellular organelle that receives and degrades macromolecules from endocytic, secretory and autophagic pathways. Lysosomal function is thus critical for an efficient autophagic process. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating lysosomal function upon autophagic induction are largely unknown....
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.23965
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Earlier studies have shown that macroautophagy is not a constitutively activated process, however, the mechanism of activation is not fully understood. Here, we report that autophagy is a dynamic process in cancer cells in response to glucose starvation. In addition, we determined that FOXO1 turnover is involved in th...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.23918
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer tissue contains a small population of cells that have the ability to self-renew; these cells are known as cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). We have recently shown that autophagy is essential for the tumorigenicity of these CSCs. Salinomycin (Sal), a K (+) /H (+) ionophore, has recently been shown to be at l...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.23997
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is a lysosome-mediated catabolic process involving the degradation of intracellular contents (e.g., proteins and organelles) as well as invading microbes (e.g., parasites, bacteria and viruses). Multiple forms of cellular stress can stimulate this pathway, including nutritional imbalances, oxygen deprivation...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/auto.23691
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Combining two different treatment modalities for targeting malignancies is gaining importance, with preclinical/clinical results indicating higher success rates in eradicating tumors or having longer remission periods. A better understanding of the synergy between the treatments helps in optimizing the dose and time o...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.23485
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is a conserved homeostatic process in which cytoplasmic contents are degraded and recycled. Two ubiquitin-like conjugation pathways are required for the generation of autophagosomes, and ATG5 is necessary for both of these processes. Studies of mice deficient in ATG5 reveal a key role for autophagy in T lymp...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.23484
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulated degradation of cellular components by lysosomes is essential to maintain biological homeostasis. In mammals, three forms of autophagy, macroautophagy, microautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), have been identified. Here, we showed a novel type of autophagy, in which RNA is taken up directly into...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.23002
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Atg1/ULK1 complex plays a central role in starvation-induced autophagy, integrating signals from upstream sensors such as MTOR and AMPK and transducing them to the downstream autophagy pathway. Much progress has been made in the last few years in understanding the mechanisms by which the complex is regulated throu...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/auto.23323
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is increasing with more than 43,000 predicted new cases in the US and 65,000 in Europe this year. Pancreatic cancer patients have a short life expectancy with less than 3-4% 5-y survival, which results in an equivalent incidence and mortality rate. One of the major challenges...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.22258
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has shown remarkable clinical success in the treatment of multiple myeloma. However, the efficacy and mechanism of action of bortezomib in solid tumor malignancies is less well understood. In addition, the use of this first-in-class proteasome inhibitor is limited by several factors...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.22185
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The exploration into the roles of autophagy in tumorigenesis, either as tumor suppressor or tumor promoter, has led to a great increase in the knowledge of cancer development, progression and treatment. However, there is currently no consensus on how to manipulate autophagy to improve antitumor effects. In this study,...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.21796
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is a process by which cytoplasmic material is sequestered in a double-membrane vesicle destined for degradation. Nutrient deprivation stimulates the pathway and the number of autophagosomes in the cell increases in response to such stimulus. In the current report we have demonstrated that actin is necessary ...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.21459
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The autophagy-lysosome system is essential for muscle cell homeostasis and its dysfunction has been linked to muscle disorders that are typically distinguished by massive autophagic buildup. Among them, glycogen storage disease type II (GSDII) is characterized by the presence of large glycogen-filled lysosomes in the ...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.21691
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagosome formation is a complex cellular process, which requires major membrane rearrangements leading to the creation of a relatively large double-membrane vesicle that directs its contents to the lysosome for degradation. Although various membrane compartments have been identified as sources for autophagosomal ...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.21486
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process that involves the engulfment of cytoplasmic contents in a closed double-membrane structure, called the autophagosome, and their subsequent delivery to the vacuole/lysosomes for degradation. Genetic screens in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have identified more than ...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.21163
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Premenopausal women have better survival than men after intracerebral hemorrhage, which is associated with iron overproduction and autophagy induction. To examine the participation of neuronal autophagy and estrogen receptor α (ERα) in the E 2-mediated protection, PC12 neurons treated with Atg7 (autophagy-related prot...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.21289
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The link between the deregulation of autophagy and cell death processes can be essential in the development of several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson disease (PD). However, the molecular mechanism of deregulation of this degradative process in PD patients is unknown. The leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LR...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.21270
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::UVRAG is a promoter of the autophagy pathway, and its deficiency may fuel the development of cancers. Intriguingly, our recent study has demonstrated that this protein also mediates the repair of damaged DNA and patrols centrosome stability, mechanisms that commonly prevent cancer progression, in a manner independent ...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.21035
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under stress conditions cells activate different response pathways which result in cell survival or apoptosis depending on: (1) the nature of the insults, (2) the type, if acute or chronic stress, and (3) how long the stress persists. Generally, autophagy is induced early to sustain cell survival and inhibit cell deat...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.20671
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00